Color photography.



F. E. IVES.

COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.26, 1914.

1,145,143, Patented July 6, 1915.

, I b Igvent/or:

by fem- 212, Kf/vwxxch KG/"4 M K141 Attys. I

1 plan which is illustrated in my prior appli-.

FREDERIC EUGENE IVES, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

coLon rnoroennrnr.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6, 19115,

Original application filed August 5, 1912, Serial No. 713,343. Divided and this application filed December 26, 1914. Serial No. 879,025.

To all whom it may concern: 1 Be it known that I, FREDERIc EUGENE Ivns, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Ph1ladel following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

Thisimprovement relates to color photography and more. particularlyto the production of a multi color print on the" general cation Serial No. 713,343, filed August 5, 1912, patented December 29, 1914, No. l,1 22,- 935, of which this application is a divislon,

wherein a plurality of individual color prints are first produced each consisting of a celluloid back or support for an imagecontaining colloid coating and all of which, the colloids with their celluloid backings, are secured together in superposition and in registry so as to give the combined color effect of the individual components.

Different modes have been heretofore tried for securing together the components which are to produce a color print. For the purposes of transparencies mere clamping between glass plates, or cementing by Canada balsam has been tried with fairly satisfactory results; but heretofore, so far as is known, no successful securing method has been devised which would be adaptable not only for transparencies but for multi-color prints upon paper or other reflecting or flexible base.

It is a particular object hereof to afford a securing method and securing material adapted to the securing together of the components which are to constitute a multiccilor photographic print upon paper or the li e.

Other objects will appear in the hereinafter following description of one embodi ment of the present improvements.

Broadly speaking, he securing means an process hereof might be employed. outside surface of a celluloid surface being ed, I mention the material preferred bytransparent celluloid or its equivalent (such as collodion) or possesses a surface thereof, while the opposing component or element may consist of or be surfaced with various substances such, for example, as gelatin or other colloid or equivalent. Such is the problem presented in building up a multicolor protograph under my aforesaid prior application; the under side of one of the monochrome components consisting of cellu. loid, and the upper side of thenext below component consisting {of a thinlayer of colloid or gelatin; According to the present invention such two'components are permanently secured together forrthe vpurposes referred to by means of an adhesive material or cement which is of a certain character,

having the property of slightly but not destructively attacking or-dissolving the celluloid surface so as to soften it toa suitably small degree thereby enabling the cement to thoroughly and intimately adhere to and take hold of "the materialofthe celluloid;

the cement alsohaving the property of aolhering to without destruction of or in to the opposing colloid surface; so that the two components become firmly, permanently and noninjuriously secured together. In the case of a multi-color print, as in color photography, the final print is thusenabled to be built up in permanently secured form without destroying either the coloring or tone of the image carried byv the colloid, while at the same time maintaining in full degree the transparency of all of the components, as is necessary for a successfulfinal result.

hesive materials having the property men-- tioned, namely, of, slightly, that is ciently but not destructively, attacking the cementme which is amyl-acetate collodion. This it is understood is in the form of a colorless liquid. Also I preferably incorporate therewith a large amount of camphor. 0rdinarily amyl-acetate may be employed, and this in first attacking the celluloid gener- As examples of cementing or ad-, U

of one of the monochrome ates amyl-acetate collodion. In any case,

the employment of camphor favors the preservation of the integrity of the celluloid film. To insure that there shall be no excessive softening of the celluloid under the attacking influence of the cementing material, precautions maybe taken to provide only an extremely small quantity or extremely thin film of cementing material; for example, heavy roller pressure may be promptly employed after the application of the cement to expel all but a small though sufiicient quantity to insure a firm connection. It is believed that the small amount of amyl-acetate and camphor which remains will to a slight extent become diffused into the substance of the celluloid film without substantially dissolving it and Without disintegrating it but leaving it firmly attached to the opposing colloid surface in a permanent yet flexible manner.

As some mode of properly applying the cementing material between the flexible transparent surfaces to be attached together is an important part of the present improve- 1 ment, I will describe by the aid of drawings the preferred complete operation of attaching together into a substantially single, unitary, multi-color photograph, a plurality ofmonochrome components presenting the condition of celluloid surface to be permanently and flexibly attached without injury to a colloid surface.

In the accompanying drawingv forming a part hereof Figure 1 shows a partial section ositives made according to my aforesaid prlor application, the same consisting of a celluloid base carrying a colored colloid relief. There may be a complete set of such positives, produced.

from a corresponding set of color-selection negatives, each produced by exposing the sensitized colloid layer through its celluloid back behind one of the negatives, afterward 1 Y but permanently cemented together. Fig. 4 shows the same photograph of Fig. 3, but

without exaggeration, and illustrating the flexibility and opacity which is attainable. Fig. 5 illustrates v the temporary attachment atone edge of three positives, the underneath one consisting of a cyanotype on paper. Fig. 6 illustrates the spreading of cement between the faces of the positives.

The positives 11, 12 and 13, each consist of a stained gelatin monochrome 14; at the face and'a transparent celluloid base or carrier 15 at the rear. The face 14 may consist of a dyed gelatin relief asbefore explained. The'arrangement indicated in Fig. 2 presents the condition of a celluloid back of one positive opposed to the colloid face of another. Behind all three of the positives is an opaque or paper back 16 (in Figs. 2 and .3); but when a cyanotype or other paper positive 18 is employedforthe back,

as in Figs. 5 and 6, having its picture side i 19 uppermost, there will be a smaller number of transparent positives and no separate paper back 16. v

Fig. 5 shows the components in the process of assemblage, Fig. 3 shows them assembled, and Fig. 1 shows in more nearly proper proportions the final finished color photograph 17 indicating its opacity, flexibility and unitary character. A practical and my preferred mode of finally cementing together the positives into such a unitary photograph, after all the steps of registration and color adjustment have been com-l pleted, is as follows, referring'particularly to Figs. 5 and 6: The three completed monochrome prints or positives having been superposed and adjusted into registry, may

first be fastened along one edge. This may be done by cutting them to overlap, as shown in Fig. 5, and applying an adhesive strip 20 pasted over the several edges. 'While thus temporarily fastened, if desired the registration and color adjustment may be again inspected. The several prints may now be opened out like the leaves of a book,

as'seen in Fig. 5, and a small though suflicient quantity of transparent cement introduced into the bottom of the V-shaped grooves thus produced. Such cement will preferably be an amyl-acetate cement or its" equivalent, as previously specified. The prints are then closed together again and preferably laid between sheets of soft absorbentblotting paper 22, 22, and the whole may then be placed in an ordinary paper bag'23. Pressure will then be applied and cause the cement tospread from the fastened edgesvso as to cover the entire area with a very thin film of the cementing material, which as before stated is capable of affecting the celluloid surface so as to insure adhesion while at the same time adhering to the opposed colloid surface, and without impairing or destruction of either c'omponentor of the transparency of the whole. Rather than apply pressure merely by hand or bya squeegee roll, I prefer to run the combined prints, blotters and bag betweena pair of compression rolls. Elastic or rubber rollers 24:, 25 are shown, these being supposed to be under high pressure. Upon turning the rolls, the assembled prints w1ll be drawn, through and forcibly pressed together, as

names indicated in Fig. 6, this action serving to force the cement 21 forwardly, at the same time spreading it uniformly and entirely over the adjoining surfaces of the prints. Any surface cement will be expressed from between the prints and absorbed by the blotters so that the cemented prints may be safely removed without risk of the excessive cfzement becoming applied to the outside surace. I

By the improvements just described, what would. ordinarily be a troublesome and messy process of fastening the prints together is enabledto be accomplished with celerity, cleanliness and precision, and without the exercise of any special skill;

I have thus described a novel means and mode of cementing photographic components into a unitary whole or multi-color photograph, the same embodying the principles and attaining the advantages hereinbefore referred to, and other advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Since various matters of detail and other features might be modified without departing from the principles, I do not intend to restrict the present improvements to be disclosed features and details excepting to the extent set forth in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In the art of color photography the method of making a multi-color print consisting in making a plurality of monochromes of different colors at least one of which has a transparent celluloid base, and combining them into a unitary color photograph by applying between the transparent celluloid base of one monochrome and the next monochrome a cement, containing amyl acetate collodion, capable of slightly softening or dissolving the celluloid surface.

2. In the art of color photography the method of making a multi-color print consisting in making a plurality of mono chromes of different colors at least one'of which has a transparent celluloid base and at least one of which has a colored'colloid surface, and combining them into a unitary color photograph by applying between the transparent celluloid base of one monochrome and the colored colloid surface of the next monochrome a cement, capable of slightly softening or dissolving the celluloid surface without impairing the color or transparency of either monochrome.

.3. The method of making a composite photographic print from a plurality of transparent photographic monochromes at least one of which has a transparent celluloid base, said method consisting in superposing the several monochromes with a layer, between each monochrome celluloid side and the face of the adjacent monochrome, of a cement capable of slightly softening or dissolving the celluloid surface.

i. A composite photograph comprising a plurality of photographs at least one of which has a transparent celluloid base, superposed and cemented together by a cement, capable of slightly softening or dissolving the celluloid surface.

5. A multi-color picture comprising a plurality of different colored monochrome positives at least one of which has a transparent celluloid base, all superposed and cemented together by a cement containing amyl-acetate-collodion, capable of slightly ioftening or disssolving the celluloid surace.

6. As an improvement in the production of a colored composite photographic picture comprising a basic print and one or more superposed, dyed, transparent, colloid relief prints, the mode herein described of securing said prints together, said mode consisting in introducing between the prints a supply of transparent cementing material comprising amyl-acetate collodion and camphor.

7. As an improvement in the production of a colored composite photographic picture comprising a basic print and one or more superposed, dyed, transparent, colloid relief prints, the mode herein described of securing said prints together, said mode consisting in first securing the prints at one edge, introducing between the prints at such secured edge a supply of transparent ce menting material comprising amy-acetate collodion, closing the prints upon one another, placing them between sheets of absorbent material, and passing the latter, and the prints between them, between a pair of compression rolls in such direction that the connected edges of the prints will first enter between the rolls.

' In testimony whereof, I have afiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FREDERIC EUGENE IVES.

Witnesses:

W. G. JOHNS, A. M. WOOD. 

